Brick Bonds
Stretcher - Flemish - English - American
Stretcher Bond
Stretcher bond is the commonest bond used today and the least interesting in appearance. It can be made more interesting by laying a course of different colored bricks or to lay such bricks to form a pattern on a wall.
• Stretcher bond wall
• Stretcher bond wall with piers
• Stretcher bond piers
Flemish Bond
Flemish bond consists of alternating headers and stretchers along each course with the headers centered on the stretchers above and below.
English Bond
English bond consists of alternating courses of headers and stretchers, with the alternative headers centered over and under the vertical joints of the stretchers.
American common bond
American common bond is similar to the English Bond but the courses of headers are separated by approximately five courses of stretchers.
Stretcher Bond Brick Walls
English bond - Flemish bond
Walls built using the traditional Stretcher bond are just a half brick
wide. As with any wall built of brick, no two adjacent vertical joints
should be in line. With a straight wall this is not a problem, just offset
each course by half a brick. When turning a corner at the end of a straight
run again causes no problems, just interlock the two runs of bricks on
every other course. When joining into a wall part way along the wall, it's
necessary to use two 3/4 bats (colored red - one on either side) on the
main face of the wall on every other course.
Bricks and Bats
Stretcher Bond Walls with Piers
Walls build using the traditional stretcher bond are just a half brick wide and as such are relatively unstable and generally if they are higher than about 40 cm (5 courses), piers are required to strengthen them.
As with any wall built of brick, no two adjacent
vertical joints should be in line. For piers at the ends of a wall, the
first (and alternate) course should have two full bricks placed at right-angles
to the run of the wall.
The second (and alternate) course should use two 3/4 bats (colored red) in the face of the wall and a full brick behind. For piers in the run of the wall, the first (and alternate) course needs a 'Queen Closer' (colored blue) in the face of the all with two 3/4 bats behind. The second (and alternate) course uses full bricks in the face and a full brick behind. The piers can be strengthened by embedding a piece of mat reinforcement into the mortar of alternate courses.
Stretcher Bond for free standing Brick Piers
A free standing brick pier (or isolated pier as it is sometimes called) is a pillar of brickwork not connected to a wall. It can be used to carry the ends of beams to form a pergola, the base of a sundial or bird bath, or for hanging garden gates.
Piers vary in size (both in width and height) and types of bond used. On this page we show a couple of simple stretcher bond piers, Both designs only use full bricks so there is no need for the bricklayer to cut any bricks. The bricks will leave a hollow center which should be filled with concrete once the mortar has been allowed to harden (wet concrete will exert an internal pressure which could cause the brick mortar to fail if the concrete is inserted too soon). The center concrete should be inserted in one go so that it can form one block of from the base of the pier to the top without any weak joints within the concrete. If considered necessary, steel reinforcing rods can be inserted into the center concrete fill.
Flemish Bond Brick Walls
English bond - stretcher bond
Garden walls built
using Flemish bond are one bricks wide. As with any wall built of brick,
no two adjacent vertical joints should be in line. With a straight
wall this is not a problem, just offset each course so that the header
bricks are centered on the stretcher bricks on the course below. When turning
a corner at the end of a straight run, a Queen Closer (colored blue)
is required on each course. Joining into a wall part way along the wall,
is the same as for the end turn except that a Queen Closer is only needed
on every other course.
Use Flemish bond for a half brick width wall can give a decorative finish
but does require the use of quite a few half bats (colored green) and three
quarter bats (colored red).
English Bond Brick Walls
stretcher bond - Flemish bond
Garden walls built
using English bond are one brick wide. As with any wall built of brick,
no two adjacent vertical joints should be in line. With a straight
wall this is not a problem, it's just alternate courses of headers and
stretchers with each joint on the stretcher course centered on a header
brick on the course below. When turning a corner at the end of a straight
run needs the use of a Queen Closer (colored blue) on each course. Joining
into a wall part way along the wall, is the same as for the end turn except
that a Queen Closer is only needed on every other course.